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Unfortunately, lichens can also grow on healthy specimens and there aren’t any chemical treatments available that will solely target the lichen. Therefore, if lichen elimination for aesthetics is the goal, it’s essential to try to prevent or resolve any infections, infestations, or poor cultivation practices that could compromise the leaves.

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Since lichens prefer full sun exposure, health issues resulting in any degree of defoliation for the tree will increase a lichen’s chances of surviving and thriving on your maple. The remaining 20-or-so percent of the body is an algae or cyanobacteria, which uses photosynthesis to make food for the lichen. Lichenīelieve it or not, a lichen isn’t actually a single organism, but rather, it is a combination of multiple life forms that exist in a symbiotic relationship.Īround 80 percent of the organism is composed of a fungus, which absorbs water, collects minerals, and provides the majority of a lichen’s form and structure. You’ll want to flare the cover out like a teepee, since the goal is to trap the earth’s heat, not the plant’s. You can also drape lightweight coverings like sheets over dwarf cultivars or juvenile plantings, but this requires doing so in the evenings, then removing them in the mornings as temperatures heat up again and before heat damage occurs. When this temperature change is gradual, the bark’s change in size is slow and healthy.Ĭhoosing sufficiently hardy maples suitable for growing in your local USDA Hardiness Zone is essential for preventing frost damage – certain species and varieties of Acer are more cold-tolerant than others. Especially for maples.Ī tree’s bark and the underlying wood both contract with decreasing temperatures. Freeze, and Killer Frost wield the cold with nefarious intentions… and while there aren’t any evildoers walking around the real world with cold guns or cryokinetic abilities, the destructive power of frost is all too real. In pop culture, comic book villains such as Captain Cold, Mr. When you slice into these cankers willy-nilly, you could kick-start the spread of fungi – the botanical equivalent of cutting off a hydra’s head.

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certified arborists and professional plant pathologists. It’s important to leave trunk canker removal to the professionals, i.e.

Only prune in dry conditions with sterilized tools. Make clean pruning cuts above the branch collar, making sure to avoid leaving a stub. Hey, maybe you’ll end up with some cool lumber to use in woodworking!Ī 99 percent isopropyl alcohol solution is available in 16-ounce bottles on Amazon.Ĭankers on twigs and branches can be snipped off several inches behind the afflicted segment of the shoot.

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If it’s too late for preventive care, feel free to cut out burr knots, as long as there are only a few of them. Skipping the former will prevent adjacent evapotranspiration from moistening your tree, while the latter will allow your tree to remain aired out and dry. Avoid growing vegetation under the canopy, or wrapping your trunk in a tree guard of any kind. To prevent burr knots, it’s imperative to keep the trunk dry. This tends to manifest as stunted growth or overall decline. Galls also block nutrients from flowing throughout the plant, in addition to looking even more contorted and irregular than burr knots.īoth burr knots and galls leave plant growth compromised as they block the healthy movement of nutrients. The infectious agent spurs the gall to grow uncontrollably, and a gall can range in size from a half-inch to more than a foot in diameter.īurr knots can easily break in frosty or windy conditions, provide easy access points for pests and pathogens, and even limit the flow of nutrients through the phloem if they manage to grow together in a mass of multiple knots. Galls, on the other hand, could be more accurately described as tumors, since they’re usually caused by bacteria or infectious material left behind by pests.

They grow larger and more knotted as the tree matures.Īlthough they may look less than attractive on the tree, burr knots are actually prized by woodworkers for the unique swirls and patterns that they contain. Burr knots actually form from small adventitious roots or bud tissues that don’t quite form shoots, and tend to grow in warm, humid conditions.